Sub Test()
    ActiveCell.FormulaR1C1 = "=IF(COUNTIF(RC[-2]:R[999]C[-2],"">3""),RC[-1],"""")"
End Sub

=ЕСЛИ(СЧЁТЕСЛИ(A1:A1000;">3");B1;"")

Option Explicit

Sub Sample()
    Dim objRange As Range
    
    
    With ThisWorkbook.ActiveSheet
        For Each objRange In Intersect(.UsedRange, .Range("A1:A1000"))
            If objRange.Value > 3 Then
                .Range("C1").Value = .Range("B1").Value
                
                Exit For
            End If
        Next objRange
    End With
End Sub

Для активного Рабочего листа текущей Рабочей книги.